Some of Google’s full view books can now be seen in a plain text version, additional to the existing images of text. This will allow you to copy the text for personal use, or to create a website of it, or have it be read by a screen reader, or do anything else you want (commercial and non-commercial). To search for full view books, use the advanced search page of Google Books and check the “full view” option. Now when you’re in the book view of a result, click the “view plain text” link at the top right. (Not all full view books were showing this link when I tried.)

The quality of the optical character regocnition Google runs over the scanned pages varies, depending on the book font used. Take this piece from Shakespeare’s Hamlet:

Pol. I, fafhion you may call it, go to, go to.
Ophe. And hath giuen countenance to his fpeech
My Lord, with almoft all the holy vowes of heauen.
Pol. I, fprings to catch wood-cockes, I doe knowe
When the blood burnes, how prodigall the foule
…

It’s hard to make out a word (hath Google no spellchecker?), and if you see the original, you can understand why automation had some troubles here:

A better ASCII transcript could add asterisk characters to indicate italics, add spaces to indent, and would not confuse “f” with an “s”… and it might perhaps cross-check the words with an old English dictionary. Project Gutenberg also transcribes public domain works to text, but they’re doing a better job – then again, they’re also doing it semi-manually, formatting and proofreading the OCR’d books one by one with helpers, whereas Google’s approach is more machine-based and possibly easier to scale (though Google still employs humans to turn the pages of the book, at least if we go by some of the fingers that we saw scanned before!).

NetAcademy is dedicated to improving the way companies and individuals learn, use, and master technology through educational solutions that empower customers with choice, allowing them to determine when, where, and how they want their IT education programs to be designed and delivered.

To this end, we are committed to continuously harness the power of cutting-edge digital technologies for the dissemination of knowledge.

Armed with this simple mission, we strive to provide media rich e-learning and e-knowledge solutions that help organizations retain knowledge, improve quality, become more efficient and cost-effective – using current and cutting edge digital technologies.

NetAcademy is the first e-learning service provider offering the latest state-of-art education for Business and IT education programmes, corporate training courses and education-related services. Online training has become one of the important components in today’s education. Mastering technology skills, especially the Internet and web-based applications, is an ultimate requirement in delivering online classes thus giving teachers with no option but to acquire the appropriate skills. The Internet’s impact on the developments and delivery education as well as training program is real.

By combining innovative technology with World-Class Universities, NetAcademy delivers anytime, anywhere learning. It offers both companies and individuals a high value, quality and effective online training solution. Over 1000 online courses are available, ranging from certificate, diploma, degree, MBA to PhD programmes, in business and information technology as well as language courses.

NetAcademy epitomises the value of continuous lifelong learning and has provided students from all over the world with access to internationally renowned courses without having to leave their countries and without affecting their work schedules.

This flexible virtual learning vehicle is well-supported by comprehensive online learning tools. Students can access course materials conveniently through a Web browser, engage in synchronous chats with their course facilitators, post questions in the discussion rooms, make payments online, and reap the benefits of collaborative learning through online discussions with facilitators and course-mates in other parts of the world. In addition, it also provides services like monitoring and feedback of students’ progress and performance, private e-mail facilities as well as round-the-clock customer service.

e-Learning Model

NetAcademy epitomises the value of continuous lifelong learning and has provided students from all over the world with access to internationally renowned courses without having to leave their countries and without affecting their work schedules.

This flexible virtual learning vehicle is well-supported by comprehensive online learning tools. Students can access course materials conveniently through a Web browser, engage in synchronous chats with their course facilitators, post questions in the discussion rooms, make payments online, and reap the benefits of collaborative learning through online discussion with facilitators and course-mates in other parts of the world. In addition, it also provides services like monitoring and feedback of ‘students’ progress and performance, private e-mail facilities as well as round the-clock customer service. Key Features of The Online BBA/BBM/MBA/DBA Degree Program Earn an accredited degree. With the academic rigor and recognition our universities have outstanding reputation for leadership, corporate partnerships, technological strengths, and flexibility to meet the demands of today’s business world. Outstanding faculty. Internationally renowned faculty are among the world’s most highly read and respected business educators. Pioneers as well as educators, faculty members incorporate the latest business and technological advances in course delivery. Professors are experts in their fields and have industry knowledge that enables them to blend the academic and real worlds. Career oriented curriculum. The program’s curriculum shapes talented professionals who are prepared to think strategically, step into leadership roles, and make sound decisions. Highly interactive, eLearning system engages students. Small class sizes of 20 to 25 students enhance opportunities for interaction among peers and with instructors who are committed to their students’ success. On-site seminars. The on-site seminars are one day intensive course per module that are exclusive to the degree programs followed by online learning guided by experienced tutors and highlight the importance of social interaction in the learning process. Facilities. Anytime, Anywhere, 24/7 Immediate Use of Skills and Knowledge Streaming Video Lectures.No plug iitn to download Online Faculty Support via Real Time video conferencing 100% Online or Blended Learning Ensure Your Future Applications are accepted on a rolling basis all year round… Apply today http://www.netacademy.com.my/ email: netacademybd@gmail.com

With many countries tightening their immigration laws, it can be more difficult than ever to live and work in another country. However, there are still some destinations that provide exciting opportunities, such as Singapore.

Singapore is a cross-roads for Asia, with close to half of the population being foreign-born. Singapore is one of the fastest growing economies in Southeast Asia and is the fourth most important financial centre in the World.

If you have a professional or tertiary level qualification and would like to live and work in Singapore, you may be eligible for a one-year visa that will allow you to move to Singapore to find a job. You will normally be granted permanent residence if during this time you find a job in Singapore. The good news is Singapore has a very low rate of unemployment.

Singapore still has relatively liberal immigration laws in contrast to other countries. If you meet the requirements Singapore provides a great immigration opportunity under its Landed Permanent Residence (LPR) visa scheme.

Requirements

You must be highly skilled, meaning you must have earned a university level degree from a qualifying educational institution and/or have a sound professional background.

Once you are approved, you must move to Singapore within one year of your application. You must find employment after moving to Singapore to complete your permanent residence status.

Your application will require a number of documents, including a copy of your passport, 2 passport sized photos, your birth certificate, and educational certificates. You must also provide evidence of salary for the last six months and income tax documents for the previous three years.

For highly skilled individuals, relocating to Singapore can open a number of exciting opportunities for you and your family. Workpermit.com can help you attain your goals by assisting you with your application and guiding you through the process of attaining permanent residence.

The thumbs.db file serves as a cache of the thumbnail pictures in a Window directory. This file can be extremely convenient because it lets you view folders and pictures in the thumbnail view much faster. However, the thumbs.db does takes up disk space. Even though the amount of space it occupies is very small, the thumb.db file can clutter your hard drive and take up a large amount of space. You can save a lot of space by deleting unnecessary thumb.db files.

1. 1

   Click on your start menu and go to “My Computer.” Open this and click on the “Tools” button located on the top of the window.

2. 2

   Next click “Folder Options” in the dropdown menu that appears. In the window that opens, locate the “View” tab and click it. Place a checkmark on the option labeled “Do not cache thumbnails.”

3. 3

   With this one, click “OK.” You can now close out of “My Computer” by clicking the X on the top-right corner of the window.

Remove the Thumbs.db File from Your Hard Drive

4. 1

   Click “Start” and then “Search.” Click on “All Files and Folders” to search for files.

5. 2

   Type thumbs.db in the text field labeled all or part of the file name. Make sure “Local Hard Drives” is chosen so that the computer checks your hard drive.

6. 3

   When you have entered all of this information, click “Search.” The computer will now start searching for all thumb.db files. When the computer has finished the search, a huge list of thumb.db files should appear.

7. 4

   Click the “Edit” button located at the top of the window. You then need to click “Select All” from the dropdown menu that appears. All of these files should be highlighted. Click “File” and then “Delete.” Your thumbnail files should now be deleted.

UNESCO’s declaration of 21st February as the International Mother Language Day has brought fresh glory and prestige to Bangladesh which is making significant strides towards peace, progress and prosperity at home and discharging international obligations abroad. After 1952, the people of Bangladesh have been observing every year the 21st day of February as their glorious and unforgettable Language Martyrs Day. What happened on 21st February 1952 is widely known. Still let me very briefly recount the fateful happenings of that day and the circumstances that led to and followed them.

In August 1947, a new state called Pakistan, comprising two far-flung wings in the west and east, separated by 1600 kilometers of foreign territory, emerged on the world map. The ideological basis of that strange phenomenon was the absurd and pernicious two nation theory of Mr. Jinnah that ignored such basic elements as language and culture and considered religion as a bond strong and sufficient enough to transform a people into a nation.

The language of the people of eastern wing of Pakistan, and they were the majority, was Bangla. It had a rich tradition of literature of over a thousand years. The Bangalees also had a highly developed culture that had little in common with the culture of the people of western wing of Pakistan. The Bangalees’ love for and attachment to their language and culture were great and when in 1952 the neo-colonial, power-hungry, arrogant rulers of Pakistan declared that ‘Urdu and Urdu alone would be the state language of Pakistan, they sowed the seed of its future disintegration.

The people of the then East Pakistan, particularly the students, rose in angry protest against the vicious undemocratic designs of the  government. Those designs really amounted to the destruction of Bangla language and culture and imposition of the language and culture of the people of western wing on the people of eastern wing. The reaction was strong and spontaneous.

The government decided to quell protests by brute force. The police opened fire on 21st February 1952 on unarmed peaceful protesters, most of whom  were students, resulting in the death, among others, of Rafiq, Barkat, Jabbar and Salam. As the news of those deaths spread, the entire people of the eastern wing felt greatly involved emotionally. Those who lost their lives to uphold the prestige defend the rights of their mother-language became hallowed martyrs.

Their sacrifice at once tragic glorious and the indignation of the people against an autocratic government had far reaching effect. 21st February became a symbol and attained mythic properties, it nourished the concepts of democracy and secularism. It also contributed significantly to the flowering of Bangalee nationalism. It led to the dawning of the realization in the minds of the Bangalees that they constituted a separate nation and their destiny lay not with Pakistan but elsewhere as an independent country. The subsequent democratic mass movements of the late fifties, throughout the sixties and the seventies, and finally the struggle for independence and the war of liberation owed a  great deal to 21st February.

From 1953 onwards, starting from 21st February 1953, the immortal 21st February has been observed as a great national event all over Bangladesh, and also beyond the frontiers of Bangladesh: in several places of India, UK, USA, Canada and elsewhere, wherever there is a sizeable concentration of Bangla speaking people. Yet so long, it has been mainly a national event of Bangladesh. But with the declaration of 21st February as the International Mother Language Day, it has transcended the national borders of Bangladesh and acquired an international significance and a global dimension.

At the initiative of the United Nations and its various organs, a number of specific days have been declared over the years as international days for observance by the people of the whole world. All these days highlight some values, events and issues and are intended to generate a healthy awareness in the people of the world about them with the ultimate aim of making this world a better place to live in for the entire human population. Thus we have the international literacy day, international women’s day. international children’s day, the international day for eradication of racial discrimination, international day for ensuring pure drinking water, international habitat day, international day for preservation of environment and many others.

Some of these international days are linked with certain specific events that took place in some specific countries. While observing these days, the people of the world recall those events and those countries as a matter of course. The world is thus brought closer providing peoples of the world with the chance to get out of their insularity.

International Mother Language Day is particularly significant in the sense that it has a cultural importance. From now on, 21st February — so long observed in Bangladesh as the Bangla Language Martyrs’ Day — will be observed here simultaneously as the Bangla Language Martyrs’ Day and the International Mother Language Day. And in nearly 200 countries of the world, various peoples speaking various languages and belonging to various national cultures will observe 21st February as the International Mother Language Day. They will naturally celebrate their own mother languages, but while doing so, it is more than likely that they will refer to Bangladesh and the Language Movement launched by her people that reached a climactic point on 21st February 1952.

The declaration made by the UNESCO in November 1999 designating 21st February as the International Mother Language Day has placed Bangladesh on the cultural map of the world with a highly positive image. We, people of Bangladesh, should now do all that we can to further develop our mother language Bangla in all branches of knowledge so that it can play a worthy role in the community of world languages. We shall love, cherish and promote Bangla, our own mother language, but we shall not indulged in any kind of chauvinism.

While devotedly serving our own language, we shall respect the languages of all the peoples of the world make 21st February – The International Mother Language Day – a great day, to be observed  worldwide in the new century and the millennium that we have recently stepped into. Long live 21st February the International Mother Language Day! By- Professor Kabir Chowdhury

“Information and communication technologies can be especially useful in promoting mother languages. We must harness the power of progress to protect diverse visions of the world and to promote all sources of knowledge and forms of expression. These are the threads that weave the tapestry of humanity’s story. “

Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO
Message for International Mother Language Day 2011

International Mother Language Day was proclaimed by the General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in November 1999 (30C/62).

On 16 May 2009 the United Nations General Assembly in its resolution A/RES/61/266 called upon Member States “to promote the preservation and protection of all languages used by peoples of the world”. By the same resolution, the General Assembly proclaimed 2008 as the International Year of Languages, to promote unity in diversity and international understanding, through multilingualism and multiculturalism.

International Mother Language Day has been observed every year since February 2000 to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and multilingualism. The date represents the day in 1952 when students demonstrating for recognition of their language, Bangla, as one of the two national languages of the then Pakistan, were shot and killed by police in Dhaka, the capital of what is now Bangladesh.

Languages are the most powerful instruments of preserving and developing our tangible and intangible heritage. All moves to promote the dissemination of mother tongues will serve not only to encourage linguistic diversity and multilingual education but also to develop fuller awareness of linguistic and cultural traditions throughout the world and to inspire solidarity based on understanding, tolerance and dialogue.  Source

Spilled Can

source

River With Waterfall

source

Above the Edge

source

The Hose

source

Bottle of Coke

source

Feeding

source

Top of  the Pole

source

Parked on the Edge

source

Standing on the Abyss

source

Standing on the Abyss 2

source

Just Chillin’

source

Beijing Expo

source

Balancing on the Edge

source

Ruy

source

Big Crayons

source

Railway

source

4th of July

source

Special Thanks: http://www.fotomage.com/

Quick tips for Payment Gateway Selection

• What’s your targeted market? (people, age group, country etc)
• The currency type of your targeted market? Does it support multiple currencies? (USD? AUD? EUR? GBP? MYR? SGD?)
• Is the payment gateway service provider well known and trust-worthy in your targeted market?
• How soon can you get back the money and will it affect your cashflow?

Online Payment Gateways
Setup Fee	Free	RM 488	Usual USD 175 Now Free	USD 49	RM 499
Annual Fee	Free	RM 500 (soho plan – zero yearly fee lifetime)	1st Year – USD $140 2nd Year onwards – USD $280	Free	Waived (for firsts 2 years)
Transaction Fee	3.9 % + $0.30 USD (check detailed fee)	3 % (soho plan – 4%)	3.95 %	5.5 % + $0.45 USD (check detailed fee)	3 %
Deposit	No	No	Subject to Review	No	No
Payment Remittance	Payment into PayPal Account Instantly. For Malaysia, supports direct withdrawal to Malaysia Banks and also Visa Debit Cards.	Weekly Transfer to Bank Account (via Bank Transfer)	4 weeks – Transfer to Bank Account (via TT)	5 weeks – Transfer to Bank Account (via TT) Details here	Weekly Transfer to Bank Account (See NBePay Remittance Chart)
Accepted Currencies	23 International Currencies (USD, RM, Euros, GBP, Yen, SGD and more currencies)	RM Only (USD also supported, requires separate application)	Up to 120 Type Currencies	12 International Currencies (See details)	RM Only
Minimum Amount for Withdrawal	See PayPal details here	RM 100	See RBS WorldPay details here	See 2Checkout details here	RM100 (RM 2 per withdrawal)
Application Approval Time	Immediate (Get Your Credit Card ready for verification)	2 working days	5 working days	Immediate Online	5 working days
Benefits	* Easy sign up * No setup or monthly fees * International presence * 170 Million+ users * Good for selling worldwide * Owned by Ebay * Large PayPal user base ~ 180 million	* Support Malaysia Online Bank Transfer * Offer International Gateways – multiple currencies * Low transaction fee * Short settlement period * MOTO * After sales service * Free ad on mobile88.com * Notified by Bank Negara Malaysia (Payment System Act 2003)	* World Recognized * High Trust * Very Reliable Payment Gateway * Support Most Currencies Type * MOTO * Good for selling Worldwide * Owned by RBS Bank * Support PayPal (Uk only. T&C Apply).	* Low setup fee * Easy sign up * No monthly or gateway fees * Low startup cost	* Support Malaysia Online Bank Transfer * Low transaction fee * Notified by Bank Negara Malaysia (Payment System Act 2003)
Malaysia Online Bank Transfer	N/A	Alliance Online Am Online CIMB Clicks EON Online Hong Leong Online Maybank2u RHB Online FPX (Maybank2U, HL Online, RHB Online, Bank Islam, PbeBank, CIMB Clicks)	N/A	N/A	Alliance Online Am Online CIMB Clicks EON Online Hong Leong Online Maybank2u RHB Online FPX (Maybank2U, HL Online, RHB Online, Bank Islam, PbeBank, CIMB Clicks)
Works with	miniStore sohoStore bizStore	sohoStore bizStore	sohoStore bizStore	sohoStore bizStore	sohoStore bizStore
Learn more	* PayPal Withdrawal Fee * PayPal Worldwide Offering * See PayPal Learning Centre * PayPal Shopping	* See iPay88 Learning Centre	See Worldpay application process Note: RBSWorldPay no longer supports Malaysia Merchants. Contact RBSWorldPay sales at +65 6 339 9892 (Singapore Branch)	2CO Customer Care Department	Additional Forms for Applications * Director’s Resolution * Letter of Agreement
Twitter or Facebook?	* Follow PayPal on Twitter * Join PayPal Shopping Facebook	* Follow iPay88 on Twitter * Join iPay88 Facebook page		Follow 2Checkout on Twitter

In the world of E-commerce, online payment is an essential extension to conducting your business online. Malaysian’s companies are facing difficulties in receiving online payment because Malaysia has been blacklisted by several international major online payment providers. NetBuilder is dedicated to provide solution on receiving online payment for your business. Generally, online payment services can be categorised into:

(A) Local financial institution
Online credit card payment through acquirer merchant bank account, such acquirer as Maybank, OCBC Bank, Bumiputra-Commerce Bank, Public Bank, Citibank and Ambank, links through GHL Systems, PayDirect or Financial Link payment gateway to MEPS (Malaysia Electronic Payment System). In additional to the online credit card payment, other online payment methods that available are direct debit via Internet Banking (e.g. Maybank2u), premium SMS, or mobile phone (e.g. Mobile Money Weblink)

(B) International Online Payment Provider, such as 2Checkout, WorldPay and PayPal.
There are trades off for both solutions and NetBuilder will help you to analysis the most suitable solution that helps your online business to grow.

How it works?

Rates
Payment gateway common fees structure and terms:

1. One time setup fee
2. Recurring monthly fees
3. Transaction fees
4. Deposit
5. Settlement period

Supported Secured Online Payment:

VISA		MasterCard		MEPS
FPX		Mobile Money		PayPal
WEBCASH		MEPS CASH		China Union Pay
AliPay

Accept payments from these banks:

Maybank		Maybank2u		Maybank2e
Bank Islam		Public Bank		PBeBank
Hong Leong Online		CIMB Clicks		AmBank
AmOnline		Alliance Online		RHB Bank
EON Bank

In Compliance with:

All Web Developer, IT firm, SOHO are welcome to join us!!

Supported Shopping Cart:
NBePay supports the following opensource & commercial softwares:-

Cube Cart		Drupal Ubercart		Ecshop		Interspire
Magento		Mymall		NetShop		OpenCart
Oscommerce		Prestashop		ShopEx		Joomla Virtuemart
Webshaper		WHMCS		WHM.AutoPilot		WordPress wp-e-commerce
ZenCart		XCart
What is 3-D Secure? 3-D Secure is a card holder authentication mechanism. Every card entered in the payment gateway is checked by the respective card association, i.e. MasterCard or VISA. It is verified whether or not user authentication is required for the given card. If yes, the card holder is redirected to the issuer bank¡¦s system to identify himself (by entering a password, inserting a chip card providing other senstitive information). The result of the authentication is then handed back to the payment gateway. For more information please refer to http://www.visa.com/3-dsecure What are the problems to collect money or make payment online? Application of merchant account The prevalent credit card fraud activities in Malaysia had caused a growing number of local financial institutions to curtail their merchant acquiring activates and to become more stringent in their approvals of potential merchants. Technical problem with payment gateway It is not cost-effective for individual merchant to setup a technical team to build a secure infrastructure (hardware and software) that handles online payment and fraud-prevention. Transaction overhead Each transaction will be charged a transaction fee or transaction rate and this might squeeze the profit margin of some merchants, especially the retailers. Should i offer online payment for my customer or client? In 2004, total credit card purchases in Malaysia by local cardholders increased by 20% from the previous year. Credit cards circulation has enjoyed favourable growth in Malaysia; from 1.56 million cards in 1994, to 7.13 million cards as at 30 June 2005. The credit card penetration rate has also improved to approximately 26% of the population as at 31 December 2004, from 18% as at 31 December 2002. However, the credit card penetration rate is still relatively low. The growing number of credit card issued in Malaysia will, however, encourage retail merchants to offer credit card payment facilities to consumers. Online Payment Revenue of CUTI.com.my Is it safe to pay online? When you pay online by credit card, your transaction occurs over a secure Internet connection, and your information is encrypted. The secure connection protect your transaction, from the instant you enter your personal information to the moment you enter credit card information and receive payment confirmation. Transactions are transmitted using one of the strongest Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocols available. Your confidential information is encrypted so that it cannot be altered or embellished during transmission.Be sure your browser has the most up-to-date encryption capabilities by using the latest version available from the manufacturer. You also can download some browsers for free over the Internet. When submitting your purchase information, look for the “lock” icon on the browser’s status bar, and the phrase “https” in the URL address for a website, to be sure your information is secure during transmission. I am doing business in Malaysia and need to collect payment from my clients worldwide. How? To collect payments over the internet, you need an internet merchant account or an online payment gateway. If you already have a shopping cart package, ensure that the payment gateway service is compatible. There are many payment gateways available and many costs which are difficult to ascertain or calculate, you may need to compare the costs of various service providers. Following are the costs which payment gateway companies usually charge. Some payment gateway companies offer free set-up and some offer zero maintenance fee. This depends upon the service scheme that you are opting for. Application fee – some institutions will charge you for the privilege of applying for an account, regardless of whether your application is successful or not. Setup fee – once your application has been approved, there may be other fees associated with establishing the account. Discount Rate – a percentage deducted for each product sold Transaction – added to the discount rate, a flat rate on each transaction Monthly Minimum – what you will be charge regardless of the level of sales each month Deposit – some providers require you to maintain a certain level in the account to cover chargeback fees. Chargeback – the killer fee which may cost you up to US$30 per fraudulent transaction (which includes any client disputing a transaction successfully). Which online payment service should i use if i have a bank account in Singapore? Merchants are able to use WorldPay or PayPal if they have a bank account in Singapore. Both service providers are using Singapore Dollar as they transaction currency. To set up a WorldPay internet merchant account, you need to pay for SGD250 as setup fee and monthly fee at SGD650. The transaction fee is 4% of each transaction. No monthly fees and no setup fees for PayPal merchant. However, a transaction of 1.9% to 2.9% + $0.30 USD will be charged for each transaction. PayPal requires payer to signup as member in order to make payment online. What are the payment options that I could use for my online business? MOTO: Mail order/telephone order. A payment terminal is required at merchant site in order to enter the credit card/charge card details that sent via an encrypted e-mail using PGP technology, the most secure encoding method in the World. The merchant needs a private key and an associated password to read the card details. Online and real-time transaction Malaysia ( Maybank2u E-Merchant Debit Payment , Mobile Money Weblink, NBepay, Commerce Payment & etc) Taiwan , R.O.C. (NeWeb, ezPay, EzRun, FreePay, TWV, GreenWorld & etc.) International (WorldPay, 2CheckOut, PayPal) Offline ATM transfer, Internet banking, bank in, Telegraphic Transfer (TT), Letter of Credit (L/C), Cash on delivery (COD), bank draft and money order. Could you tell me more on fraud transaction and how to protect myself? Please refer to Risks of E-Commerce Merchant >> I have my own merchant account. Can you help me to integrate it into payment gateway? Yes. If your merchant account is allowed to collect credit card payment online, NetBuilder can integrate your merchant account into your website using our payment gateway.
Bank Identification Number (BIN) – the first six digits of a credit card, debit card, charge card, etc. These identify the institution that issued the card to the card holder. Online merchants may use BIN lookups to help validate transactions. For example, if the credit card’s BIN indicates a bank in one country, while the customer’s billing address is in another, the transaction may call for extra security. Card-not-present (CNP) – An environment where a transaction is completed under both of the following conditions: • cardholder is not present and card is not present. Transactions in this environment include mail/phone order transactions as well as Internet transactions. Card Verification Value 2 (CVV2) – A three-digit value that is printed on the back of a Visa card, provides a cryptographic check of the information embossed on a card, and assures the merchant, Acquirer, and Issuer that the card is valid. The CVV2 is housed in the signature panel immediately after the full account number or the last four digits of the account number. CNP merchants should ask the customer for the CVV2 to verify the card’s authenticity. For information security purposes, merchants are prohibited from storing CVV2 data. Chargeback – a transaction that is returned as a financial liability by the consumer bank to the merchant bank (and most often, to the merchant). Chargebacks can occur for a variety of reasons, including: Customer-disputed transactions Fraud Authorization issues Inaccurate or incomplete transaction information Processing errors Credit Card – a card that issued by financial institution (also known as a consumer bank or issuer) for each cardholder that has an agreement to repay the outstanding debt on the card. Visa and MasterCard are the most popular brand among all credit cards at the moment. Discount Rate – This is a rate of each transaction amount that is typically charged by the credit card company. It also usually includes a percentage for the merchant account provider. The monthly amount of this rate depends on the transaction amounts processed during the month. Fraud scoring – A category of predictive fraud-detection models or technologies which may vary widely in sophistication and effectiveness. The most efficient scoring models use predictive software techniques to capture relationships and patterns of fraudulent activity, and to differentiate these patterns from legitimate purchasing activity. Scoring models typically assign a numeric value that indicates the likeliness of an individual transaction being fraudulent. Merchant Account – an account that provided by an acquirer (merchant bank) for the merchants to accept and process credit cards for payment of goods and services. MEPS – Malaysia Electronic Payment System (MEPS) is owned by a consortium of local financial institutions. MOTO - Mail order/Telephone order Online Payment – a transaction of goods and money in any form through the online media. Payment Gateway – An Acquirer’s link between its e-commerce merchants and the global VisaNet transaction processing system. The payment gateway receives encrypted transactions from the merchant server. The gateway then authenticates the merchant, decrypts the payment information, and sends this data through VisaNet to the Issuer for authorization. When an Issuer response is returned through VisaNet, the gateway encrypts the payment data again along with the response and sends this back through the Internet to the merchant server. The payment gateway thus supports merchant and cardholder authentication, the safe transmission of payment data, and the authorization and capture of e-commerce transactions. PGP – acronym for Pretty Good Privacy. A cryptography system designed to protect the privacy of personal communications. The system utilises public and private keys; the public key is given out by the user to anyone who wants to send a message, while the private key is kept secret and is the only way the encrypted message can be deciphered. Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) – An established industry standard that encrypts the channel between a Web browser and Web server to ensure the privacy and reliability of data transmitted over this channel. SSL does not, however, provide ways to validate the identities or banking accounts of the parties exchanging this data. Transaction Fee – This is a “per transaction” cost that is primarily related to the gateway and processing the transaction. For most merchants each order equals one transaction. Merchants with large numbers of transactions should look for merchant account providers with the lowest transaction fee.

For merchants who have decided to move beyond the traditional “brick and mortar” storefront, there are many opportunities to enhance customer relationships, attract new customers, and increase sales revenue. Along with the opportunities, however, come a greater level of risk and stronger need for strategic actions to help effectively control fraud and better safeguard cardholder account information. Unlike merchants who operate in the physical world, you do not have face-to-face contact, a card-in-hand, or an actual signature. You also do not have a physical door with a lock and key or a security guard posted 24/7 for protection. Cyber-thieves know all of this and are always on the look-out for merchants who have hung up a virtual shingle, but have let their risk management guard down. It’s up to you to understand the unique issues of running a virtual storefront and take a strategic approach to proactively address these issues and position your business for success.

Internet transactions are classified as card-not-present (CNP), which means you can be held responsible for a charge the cardholder claims he/she did not commit, even if the authorization was approved by the Issuer.

The cost of Internet fraud and/or security breaches make it imperative for merchants to clearly understand the risks of doing business online.

Typical Risks for E-Commerce Merchants

• Fraud due to Customer uses a stolen card or account number to fraudulently purchase goods/services online.
• Fraud due to Family member uses bankcard to order goods/services online, but has not been authorized to do so.
• Fraud due to Customer falsely claims that he or she did not receive a shipment.
• Customer Disputes and Chargebacks due to Goods or services are not as described on the Web site.
• Customer Disputes and Chargebacks due to Customer is billed before goods/services are shipped or delivered.
• Customer Disputes and Chargebacks due to Customer doesn’t recognize the merchant name on statement because merchant uses a service provider to handle billing.
• Customer Disputes and Chargebacks due to Customer is billed twice for the same order and/or billed for an incorrect amount.

E-commerce merchants can minimize their fraud exposure with the proper risk management mechanism.

When more than one of the following indicators is present in a transaction, it may indicate potential fraud. E-commerce merchants need not be concerned when only one of these signs is present, but when several appear in an Internet purchase, they must take care to avoid becoming a victim of fraud.

• First time shopper: Criminals are always looking for new victims.
• Larger-than-normal orders: (This requires knowledge of what a “normal-sized” order is). Because stolen cards or account numbers have a limited life span, crooks need to maximize the size of their purchase.
• Orders consisting of several of the same item: Having multiples of the same item increases the criminal’s profits.
• Orders made up of “big-ticket” items: These items have maximum resale value and therefore maximum profit potential.
• Orders shipped “rushed” or “overnight”: Crooks want these fraudulently obtained items as soon as possible for the quickest possible resale, and aren’t concerned about extra delivery charges.
• Orders from Internet addresses making use of free e-mail services: For these services, there’s no billing relationship and often no audit trail or verification that a legitimate cardholder has opened the account.
• Orders shipped to an international address: A significant number of fraudulent transactions are shipped to fraudulent cardholders outside of the country.
• Transactions on similar account numbers: This is particularly useful if the account numbers being used have been generated using software available on the internet (e.g., CreditMaster).
• Orders shipped to a single address but made on multiple cards: These could also be characteristic of account number generated using special software available on the Internet, or a batch of stolen cards.
• Multiple transactions on one card over a very short period of time: This could be an attempt to “run” a card until the account is closed.
• Multiple transactions on one card or similar cards with a single billing address, but multiple shipping addresses: This could represent organized activity, rather than one individual at work.
• Multiple cards used from a single Internet Protocol (IP) address: More than one or two cards could well indicate a fraud scheme.

Build internal fraud prevention
By understanding the purchasing habits of your Web site visitors, you can protect your business from high-risk transactions. The profitability of your virtual storefront depends on the internal strategies and controls you use to minimize fraud. To avoid losses, you need to build a risk management infrastructure, robust internal fraud avoidance files, and intelligent transaction controls.

Apply fraud screening
Fraud-screening methods can help you minimize fraud for large-purchase amounts and for high-risk transactions. By screening online Visa card transactions carefully, you can avoid fraud activity before it results in a loss for your business.

Avoid unnecessary chargebacks and processing costs
For your business, a chargeback translates into extra processing time and cost, a narrower profit margin for the sale, and possibly a loss of revenue. It is important to carefully track and manage the chargebacks that you receive, take steps to avoid future chargebacks, and know your representment rights.

Key Features

• Shown to control fraud to as little as 0.5%
• Automatically identifies whether an order is valid or potentially fraudulent in real time
• Continually and automatically updated with transaction activity (tracks individual and global, multi-merchant patterns)
• Allows businesses to set risk thresholds
• Detailed, web-based reports

Key Benefits

• Detect more single-event fraud as it occurs
• Detect fraud trends more quickly
• Convert more valid orders, automatically
• Minimize time, cost of manual review (risk profile codes speed review)
• Minimize customer service inquiries resulting from valid order rejection
• Control fraud risk tolerance

* Extracted and summarized from VISA e-Commerce Merchants’ Guide to Risk Management – Tools and Best Practices for Building a Secure Internet Business.

In the virtual world, NetBuilder’s hosting service, provided through NBePay, enables merchants to leverage on its secure infrastructure, without cost and complexity associated with operating e-commerce online payment solutions themselves.

Benefits of using NBePay:

• 3-D Secure Compliance
• No merchant account required thus saves a RM20-RM50k fixed deposit
• The lowest online transaction rate (3.0%)
• One-stop e-commerce solution (online payment, e-catalogue & online shop)
• Quick approval of application (1-2 working days ~ from the day the form is received)
• Professional consultation, integration & technical support
• Multiple banks backup server
• Real time payment processing and fraud scanning over the Internet
• Geometric fraud prevention mechanism
• Notified by Bank Negara Malaysia of Compliance with Section 5(3) of the Payment System Act 2003

Features of NBePay Online Payment Service:

• Easy and simple interface to track and monitor all transaction and settlement records
• Supports major branded credit card: VISA, MasterCard
• Refund features
• Automated email reminder to online buyer on the transacted item in his/her credit card statement

How NBePay Gateway works?

Settlement Period:

Every batch of transaction starts from Thursday of every week & end on Wednesday of the following week. This batch of transaction will be settle to you 5 working days after the end of that batch. Settlement will be on every Thursday.